• The Wonder That Was India By Al Basham Pdf

Indian civilization is among the oldest in the world, and what is unique in that respect is that the culture of the peoples still remains largely unchanged, with a strong thread of continuity through the ages.The Wonder That was India takes a look at the country's history from the time of the Harappan or Indus Valley Civilization. It explores the possible causes for the de Indian civilization is among the oldest in the world, and what is unique in that respect is that the culture of the peoples still remains largely unchanged, with a strong thread of continuity through the ages.The Wonder That was India takes a look at the country's history from the time of the Harappan or Indus Valley Civilization. It explores the possible causes for the decline of the Harappan civilization and settlements. The book talks about the possibility of the Harappans having moved towards the south and settled in the peninsular region.The author also discusses the Aryan invasion theory, supporting it with various research papers and findings of that time. The evolution of Hindu religion is also talked about in this book-from the Harappan times, to the coming of the Aryans and the mutual influence that Hinduism and its off shoots Jainism and Buddhism had on each other.This book is comprehensive in its coverage of Indian history. It looks at every aspect of Indian society and culture. The Wonder That was India covers everything from religion, governance, social evolution, literary traditions, philosophy languages, and science.The author explores the significant role the Hindu religion played on the lives of the people.

All the literary compositions of ancient times had religious associations. He also puts forward the theory that the European gypsies are of Indian origin.The Wonder That Was India also gives an insight into modern Indian society and culture, how it became a confluence of different influences from many a quarter throughout the many stages of its history. Women in ancient India roamed the streets with naked breasts. Take that, modern world!One cannot refrain from considering any work on Indian culture and history under the scanner of famed 'Orientalism' as told to us by Edward Said, if the work is from an Western author. AL Basham though seems doesn't quite fill the bill of an orientalist. This is a work of very high quality and very deep research for which the author learned nearly all the ancient Indian languages and all of its ancient literatu Women in ancient India roamed the streets with naked breasts.

Take that, modern world!One cannot refrain from considering any work on Indian culture and history under the scanner of famed 'Orientalism' as told to us by Edward Said, if the work is from an Western author. AL Basham though seems doesn't quite fill the bill of an orientalist. This is a work of very high quality and very deep research for which the author learned nearly all the ancient Indian languages and all of its ancient literature. The work is polymathic in it's outlook and covers nearly all known aspects of the Indian civilization from its geography, its literature, governance, religion, philosophy to science and even coinage.Indian culture and its civilization are amongst the oldest in the world and perhaps one of few which are still intact in pretty much the same form as when they were created. This continuity is surprising and in the book Basham has tried to find out the reasons behind it.We are given a quick tour of the Harappa culture and possible reasons for its decline (attack?

Natural decline?) according to the author Harappans may have settled down in the South India and could have been the Dasas referred to in literature, the Brahmi script is also probably a derivative of the Harappan script but nothing can be claimed with certainty.The Indian society as it stands today is certainly the amalgamation of Aryans who probably came from somewhere near the modern day Iran and the natives. It is this culture of the Aryans which has been transferred almost undiluted through centuries.

Slowly the Aryans dominated the entire sub continent and every inch of India soon had their footprints.There is a lot of information on the Indian religions though not necessarily structured. We come to know that the Aryan religion was in the beginning a sacrificial cult which was later transformed into a devotional cult or the modern day hinduism. All the religions in India have been influenced by each other upto the coming of Muslims. The coming of Buddhism and Jainism brought the non violence and vegetarian aspect into the Indian religions. Almost all of the Indian literature has been religious and even if some were secular like Mahabharata or Ramayana they have been transformed into religious works by later writers. Basham is clearly not much impressed by the ideas expressed in literature of the period, according to him, the literature is mostly either religious or gnomic. What has impressed him is the amazingly and almost supernatural grasp of the language ancient Indian poets have shown.Where else in the world would you find a beauty like thisDadado dudda-dud-dadiDadado duda-di-da-dohDud-dadam dadade duddeDad'-adada-dado 'da-dahTranslation: The giver of gifts, the giver of grief to his foes, the bestower of purity, whose arm destroys the giver of grief, the destroyer of demons, bestower of bounty on generous and miser alike, raised his weapon against the foe.This work is essential for anyone who is interested in knowing the Indian history.

It is a brilliant reference material, even if some sections feel dated.Appendices at the end give information on Indian science and maths but is hardly of the same detail as religion or governance. But the importance of mathematics is highlighted in the fact that author calls the unknown mathematician who gave the world the zero as the second most important son of India after Buddha.Oh and according to Basham, the gypsies are of Indian origin, so next time you see Brad Pitt in Snatch remember he is just Rajnikant in disguise. A fine survey of Indian culture up to 15th century or so. It's rare that a semi-academic book 50 years old holds up at all, but this one seems quite useful.

It gives the broad outlines of Indian history, politics, society, daily life, religions, arts, and literature in a mere 500 pages. The author knew perhaps a half dozen early Indian languages, and translates from them all, comfortably discuss numismatics and prosody, astronomy and sculpture. Very impressive.I'm sure scholars of classical Ind A fine survey of Indian culture up to 15th century or so. It's rare that a semi-academic book 50 years old holds up at all, but this one seems quite useful. It gives the broad outlines of Indian history, politics, society, daily life, religions, arts, and literature in a mere 500 pages. The author knew perhaps a half dozen early Indian languages, and translates from them all, comfortably discuss numismatics and prosody, astronomy and sculpture. Very impressive.I'm sure scholars of classical India could note hundreds of advances in the field since this book's publication.

One could also criticize some of the author's assumptions (i.e., that Indian culture 'went into decline' with the growing political dominance of Islamic groups in the 16th century, or that history is generalizable at all), but these would be cheap shots. For a 20th century British historian, Basham is remarkably anti-imperialist, avoiding the dominant 'they need overlords' narrative of many of his English colleagues, and taking pains to point out the great achievements coming from all aspects of Indian society.In short, this book is recommended to anyone who is generally curious about early and medieval Indian history, a relatively brief introduction for the intelligent non-expert. Focuses mainly on Indian pre-islamic cultural and religious history (Basham's specialty I think is Buddhism). No good for a correct balanced view now as the book is outdated, but has nice snippets.Recommended if you like Buddhism, the Vedas and Sanskrit.

I personally liked it as you can be reasonably certain Basham is not bigoted. One drawback I see is Basham's over reliance on only written records which handicaps him in this period, quite a bit of the book reads like an English translation of Focuses mainly on Indian pre-islamic cultural and religious history (Basham's specialty I think is Buddhism). No good for a correct balanced view now as the book is outdated, but has nice snippets.Recommended if you like Buddhism, the Vedas and Sanskrit. I personally liked it as you can be reasonably certain Basham is not bigoted. One drawback I see is Basham's over reliance on only written records which handicaps him in this period, quite a bit of the book reads like an English translation of the Arthashastra (he's not ready to speculate even when he himself repeatedly states that the Arthashastra maybe unreliable for actual 'history on the ground'). As a young kid, AL Basham was always fascinated by the stories of a mysterious land far away - stories told by his father who lived near Shimla as a british journalist.

His deep interest in the history and religions of Indian subcontinent made him work for a PhD under another prominent historian of that time, L.D. He went further to hold professorships at various institutes, finally coming to 'Oriental Studies at the Asiatic Society of Calcutta'.I believe no one ever summarized Indian h As a young kid, AL Basham was always fascinated by the stories of a mysterious land far away - stories told by his father who lived near Shimla as a british journalist. His deep interest in the history and religions of Indian subcontinent made him work for a PhD under another prominent historian of that time, L.D. He went further to hold professorships at various institutes, finally coming to 'Oriental Studies at the Asiatic Society of Calcutta'.I believe no one ever summarized Indian history in a depth surpassing the level Basham has gone in 'The Wonder that was India'. From the early civilizations in the west to invasion of Aryans and early ages of 'Hindu' society, you will experience what we are told in the school days was just a half baked story, hiding the details that may change your view created by the present political activities.In the book, AL Basham has explained the passage of kings, formation and re-formation of religions, making of the norms of society and gives a perfect picture of what India was like when the Mughals first saw it. “If you don't know history, then you don't know anything. You are a leaf that doesn't know it is part of a tree.'

, quoted Michael Crichton. I've wanted to buy this book for the better part of 3 years and I finally got my hands on it. Haven't finished it yet, but from what I've read it thoroughly deserves its reputation as a classic, holding up well after 53 years.In my experience with histories of India, you generally have two extremes: Ones written by Indian authors that so aggressively seek to discount earlier volumes' Western slant it comes across as 'one-upsmanship', and the volumes written by Western authors that seek to apolog I've wanted to buy this book for the better part of 3 years and I finally got my hands on it. Haven't finished it yet, but from what I've read it thoroughly deserves its reputation as a classic, holding up well after 53 years.In my experience with histories of India, you generally have two extremes: Ones written by Indian authors that so aggressively seek to discount earlier volumes' Western slant it comes across as 'one-upsmanship', and the volumes written by Western authors that seek to apologize for earlier transgressions. Basham achieves a happy medium. Some of his language can be excused as indicative of the time in which he wrote the book, 7 years after the Partition, but otherwise he does a great job of covering Indian history up to the High Middle Ages with thoroughness and equanimity. His writing is also very engaging.As the foreward in this new edition points out, the book stops 'before the coming of the Muslims' because Basham didn't have any background in Persian, not as any sort of 'statement' about that part of Indian history.

Even though Indian civilization has interacted with other civilizations over the millennia, there is still a mystery and allure about its history, culture, and religions that still fascinates. The Wonder That Was India by A.L. Basham is a classic interpretation of Indian culture that for over 60 years has been an introduction to the unique culture that covered a subcontinent up until the arrival of the Muslims.Basham ordered the book by discipline first with history—both pre-recorded and recorde Even though Indian civilization has interacted with other civilizations over the millennia, there is still a mystery and allure about its history, culture, and religions that still fascinates.

The Wonder That Was India by A.L. Basham is a classic interpretation of Indian culture that for over 60 years has been an introduction to the unique culture that covered a subcontinent up until the arrival of the Muslims.Basham ordered the book by discipline first with history—both pre-recorded and recorded—followed by government, society, everyday life, religion, the arts, and finally language and literature. This allowed for a generally reader friendly book as Basham covered the history of the subcontinent and then used that background to show the societal and cultural developments. Throughout the book are numerous illustrations, drawings, and maps that showed the richness of the civilization. However, being over 60 years old some of the information is out of date and that is not all of the imperfections that future readers should know about.

Basham’s writing style is somewhat dry in places and reading becomes as slog. And the illustrations while being spread throughout the book are not easy to find when referenced in the text.However, even with this downside The Wonder That Was India is still a great introduction into Indian history. Basham’s enthusiasm is very evident as well as his expertise on the subject. I definitely recommend this book for dedicated history readers, but issue a word of warning to general readers. I have no words to do justice to the extraordinary scholarly effort that has gone into the writing of this book, except that it has in many ways reshaped my view of what was, is, and will be 'Indian'.Remember, this book was written around 6-7 years after India's independence, and may utilizes theories that were prevalent at that time (eg. Aryan invasion theory), but that does not make this book any less valuable today.I quote from the Epilogue one sentence that will stay with me, '.Already aft I have no words to do justice to the extraordinary scholarly effort that has gone into the writing of this book, except that it has in many ways reshaped my view of what was, is, and will be 'Indian'.Remember, this book was written around 6-7 years after India's independence, and may utilizes theories that were prevalent at that time (eg.

Aryan invasion theory), but that does not make this book any less valuable today.I quote from the Epilogue one sentence that will stay with me, '.Already after seven years of independence, the extremes of national self-denigration and fanatical cultural chauvinism are disappearing. We believe that Hindu civilization is in the act of performing its most spectacular feat of synthesis.

In the past it has received, adapted and digested elements of many different cultures - Indo-European, Mesopotamian, Iranian, Greek, Roman, Scythian, Turkish, Persian, and Arab. With each new influence, it has somewhat changed. Now it is well on the way to assimilating the culture of the West.

A great work on the history of ancient India. The author begins the book praising the Indian civilization in the introduction chapter and I was afraid that the rest of the book would be an uncritical glorification of India's past. But what followed was an honest description of actual facts to understand Indian civilization. Some of the theories described in the book have been falsified or are updated now, but that would not be a negative mark, as the author at the time of publication of this boo A great work on the history of ancient India. The author begins the book praising the Indian civilization in the introduction chapter and I was afraid that the rest of the book would be an uncritical glorification of India's past.

But what followed was an honest description of actual facts to understand Indian civilization. Some of the theories described in the book have been falsified or are updated now, but that would not be a negative mark, as the author at the time of publication of this book had made exhaustive use of existing sources to describe ancient India. And I believe he has done it wonderfully. Being a foreign author, his knowledge in Indian languages is remarkable. The in depth knowledge of various Indian books (Arthashastra, Vedas, Upanishads, Smritis, Sutras, Jatakas etc) is visible throughout the book.

The excerpts from various literary works like Meghdoot, Abijnanashakuntalam, Silappadikaram etc given in the book, even though brief, are beautiful and helpful in understanding these literary works. There are claims that need citationse.g. Girls were less important than sons, the citation about 'Rajputs killing infant girls' is after vedic times. Women had rights to choose husbands but they were supposed to be submissive, this claim also needs citation, otherwise the claim is self-contradicting.Varnas and caste are different things, caste by birth and introduction of 'untouchable' caste and overall degeneration of Hindusm started around 13th Century around the same time of invasion of Mog There are claims that need citationse.g. Girls were less important than sons, the citation about 'Rajputs killing infant girls' is after vedic times. Women had rights to choose husbands but they were supposed to be submissive, this claim also needs citation, otherwise the claim is self-contradicting.Varnas and caste are different things, caste by birth and introduction of 'untouchable' caste and overall degeneration of Hindusm started around 13th Century around the same time of invasion of Moghuls.

Before that Varna of someone was decided after finishing education and not by birth.All in all many claims specially about women's secondary status are without citations, so can't buy the claims from this survey. This is contradicting other historians' study (with citations) that in Vedic times women were treated equally. Basham's book is recommended for students and aspirants who prepare for Civil Services in India.

It is presumed that those who work on that line, they might have read this book.Secondly, he was the guide for PhD of Romila Thapar another renowned historian of Ancient India.The book definitely gives a fresh look to Ancient India. Generally, you find very few books nicely written on the period of Ancient India. Some of the other books contain too many references to the facts and figures written i Basham's book is recommended for students and aspirants who prepare for Civil Services in India. It is presumed that those who work on that line, they might have read this book.Secondly, he was the guide for PhD of Romila Thapar another renowned historian of Ancient India.The book definitely gives a fresh look to Ancient India. Generally, you find very few books nicely written on the period of Ancient India.

Some of the other books contain too many references to the facts and figures written in Sanskrit that it is not useful for every one. Secondly, the chapter making is different from other books.

The contents fulfil the need of the students about whom it is referred above. On the whole, it is one of the popular books till this day.On the other hand, the author had failed to suspend his racial bias while writing about Ancient India. Some of the commentators and reviewers have already raised some issues. A historian is not expected to be judgemental which interpreting. Alas, Basham made many judgemental remarks.

While discussing Yogasutra, he sarcastically commented on the existence of Sushma Nadi. Similarly, while talking about Soma, one can guess that what can be a remark of a Western scholar. Therefore, while calling it one of the best books on ancient India for the students, I have given only three stars. It is best because one can find reference to answers to numerous Multiple Choice questions which appears in the examination in a single book. One can prepare a good note on Ancient literature on Buddhism from the contents provided in this book. That is the importance and value of the book.

One can gather many references to numerous terms related to the society and those terms are not fully understood at present. However, this book is not a good source on the political history of India. For that, one needs to take help of other books.One should not wonder if some of the reviewers and especially the Indian reviewers criticise it. From Kapil, to Gautam, to Patanjali, to Panini, to Aryabhata, to Sankaracharya to later times the people like Satyendra Bose, J Bose, Meghanath Jha, C. Raman, or for that purpose, Narain, a twenty nine year old young man whom the Western World knew as Vivekananda, the disciple of Ramakrishna on whom even Max Muller wrote a biography, to the present day intellectually awake Indians who fully understand the Western Philosophy, Basham made some amusing judgemental remarks. If someone gives him one star, I will not be surprised. But, I will like to respect the intellectual mind of any race, as it the heritage and culture of Indians like Varamahir who was ready to respect Romanav chart to correct the Solar chart, Basham definitely deserve the respect.

This is a clearly written introduction to ancient India before the Muslim conquest of the 13th century. Arthur Llewellyn Basham was born in England to an Indian father and British mother. He became a prominent scholar of Indian history and religion, teaching at the School of Oriental and African Studies, and mentoring R. Sharma and Romila Thapar. Although published in 1954, Basham avoided much of the esoteric density of contemporary European indologists such as Zimmer and Kramrisch.As others This is a clearly written introduction to ancient India before the Muslim conquest of the 13th century.

Arthur Llewellyn Basham was born in England to an Indian father and British mother. He became a prominent scholar of Indian history and religion, teaching at the School of Oriental and African Studies, and mentoring R.

Sharma and Romila Thapar. Although published in 1954, Basham avoided much of the esoteric density of contemporary European indologists such as Zimmer and Kramrisch.As others have noted, this is essentially an undergraduate level textbook.

Basham's literary inclination allows it at times to transcend the usual tedium implied. The reader is first taken through a quick chronology of the Indus Valley civilization, Aryan/Vedic period, advent of Buddhism, Greek invasion, Mauryan and Gupta empires, and the Chalukya and Chola dynasties.

The larger remainder of the book is arranged thematically into the political, social, religious, technological and artistic spheres.I appreciated the fast paced historical narrative but wanted more detail in this section, which comprises less than a fifth of the 500 page text. The topical chapters are by contrast a bit drawn out, but they can be digested separately according to your personal interests. It is a typical dilemma in history surveys whether to integrate this material by time period or to extract it by subject matter. The latter approach errs on the side of brevity, which works well with the book's introductory nature.Unfortunately the book suffers from dubious racial theories that were prevalent in the mid 20th century. Aryan invasion or migration theories are still debated on the merits of linguistic or DNA evidence, but Basham's analysis of skin color, lip, nose and head morphology at times smacks of phrenology or worse.

Basham was a student of Sanskrit, so his observations from the Vedas and Brahmanas do not come second hand. Nevertheless, they are seen through the lens of conquest and colony.Inevitably this is a dated work, since much has been discovered in the past 65 years. The generalized approach of the book doesn't exacerbate this fault however. For a more specialized and updated focus, Thapar's 'Early India' and Sharma's 'Ancient Past' are both good options. The relatively small selection of recent English books on ancient Indian history is peculiar.

There are many academic monographs available, but good material for the general reader is hard to come. Arthur Basham has given a very well researched and detailed account of pre-Islamic India. The details about the daily life in the magnificent empires of Chandragupta Maurya, Ashoka, Chandra Gupta, Samudra Gupta and Vikramaditya are fascinating. You get to know some lesser-known kingdoms in detail like the Cholas or the Vijayanagar empire. I wonder why our history books don't teach about them in as much detail as the Mughal or the British empire.The historical accounts of religions especially Bud Arthur Basham has given a very well researched and detailed account of pre-Islamic India. The details about the daily life in the magnificent empires of Chandragupta Maurya, Ashoka, Chandra Gupta, Samudra Gupta and Vikramaditya are fascinating. You get to know some lesser-known kingdoms in detail like the Cholas or the Vijayanagar empire.

I wonder why our history books don't teach about them in as much detail as the Mughal or the British empire.The historical accounts of religions especially Buddhism and Jainism were fascinating. The details about the caste system and its flexibility were intriguing- more so when you know the kind of rigid structure it has taken in recent centuries.I especially liked the development of language in ancient India.

How Sanskrit became what it is, major literary works of different eras, translations of poems which have survived for more than a thousand years. The parts about music, dance, paintings, and monuments are also well researched.This book felt like taking a stroll inside a museum.The only issue that I had (might be nitpicking in here) was that the book was factual to an extent that the narrative became monotonous after a while. If you can bear through those minor phases of boredom, then ancient India would seem no less than a wonder! It is not uncommon that information overload has the capacity to impede judgment, not in its strict rational sense but of how much information should be filtered and let through the outlet to the audience.

This task may be eased, though only in a limited way, by meticulous research and analysis. But beyond that remains the work of delivering the analysed and filtered data to a group as diverse, as is the globe and make them understand the serving without a personal interaction.If what is then se It is not uncommon that information overload has the capacity to impede judgment, not in its strict rational sense but of how much information should be filtered and let through the outlet to the audience. This task may be eased, though only in a limited way, by meticulous research and analysis.

But beyond that remains the work of delivering the analysed and filtered data to a group as diverse, as is the globe and make them understand the serving without a personal interaction.If what is then served is in no way tiring, it leaves the recipient appalled. This book is written and delivered in a similar manner around the subject of Indian ancient history. This is an accurate depiction of Indian culture and anyone who calls him/her an Indian can start understanding why. There are tons of new citation regarding India's scientific contribution to the world but most significant and almost entirely proscribed is the mechanics of Sanskrit language that gave rise to almost all the modern languages as we know them today.However, Indian writing was fraught with pedantry and excessive adulation to the king making it of low quality overall, with few except This is an accurate depiction of Indian culture and anyone who calls him/her an Indian can start understanding why.

There are tons of new citation regarding India's scientific contribution to the world but most significant and almost entirely proscribed is the mechanics of Sanskrit language that gave rise to almost all the modern languages as we know them today.However, Indian writing was fraught with pedantry and excessive adulation to the king making it of low quality overall, with few exceptions off course.Overall, this book is a masterpiece filled with some quality research and worth reading once. This is a dense book. It’s chock full of details and information.

I definitely recommend this book to anyone interested in pre-Mughal history. The thematic approach is a nice break from many books focusing on a timeline.This book was written quite some time ago and there are times, particularly when the author add some of their own opinions or thoughts, where it shows. This book also goes off of the Aryan theory, so you will get a lot of that In this book as well.I feel like I walked away from This is a dense book.

It’s chock full of details and information. I definitely recommend this book to anyone interested in pre-Mughal history. The thematic approach is a nice break from many books focusing on a timeline.This book was written quite some time ago and there are times, particularly when the author add some of their own opinions or thoughts, where it shows.

The Wonder That Was India By Al Basham Pdf

This book also goes off of the Aryan theory, so you will get a lot of that In this book as well.I feel like I walked away from this book with a lot more information and knowledge on India, which is why I read this book in the first place. This was the first book that was recommended to me by a professor in Grad school. I told them I'd get right on that, so a few decades later I did. It has just the right amount of detail for a serious non-specialist.

The age of the book shows here and there and it has a very end of the empire British feel to it, but the scholarship is first rate and fair. My complaint (based on no research whatsoever) is that the Greek influence on Indian culture is surely over emphasized. The appendices are a ni This was the first book that was recommended to me by a professor in Grad school. I told them I'd get right on that, so a few decades later I did. It has just the right amount of detail for a serious non-specialist. The age of the book shows here and there and it has a very end of the empire British feel to it, but the scholarship is first rate and fair.

My complaint (based on no research whatsoever) is that the Greek influence on Indian culture is surely over emphasized. The appendices are a nice addition. Professor Arthur Llewellyn Basham (24 May 1914 – 27 January 1986) was a noted historian and indologist and author of a number of books.Possibly his most popular book is The Wonder That was India (Sidgwick & Jackson, London, 1954) - published seven years after the 1947 Independence of India.

Revised editions of the book were released in 1963 and then 1967. Rupa & Co, New Delhi brought out a Professor Arthur Llewellyn Basham (24 May 1914 – 27 January 1986) was a noted historian and indologist and author of a number of books.Possibly his most popular book is The Wonder That was India (Sidgwick & Jackson, London, 1954) - published seven years after the 1947 Independence of India. Revised editions of the book were released in 1963 and then 1967. Rupa & Co, New Delhi brought out a paperback edition in 1981.

Macmillan Publishers Ltd., London, brought out a paperback edition in 1985. By 2001, the paperback version was in its 37th edition. Amazon.com staff review/book description reads 'most widely used introduction to Indian civilization. Although first published in 1954, it has remained a classic interpretation.' Basham also wrote 'History and Doctrines of the Ajivikas', based on his PhD work done under L. He also wrote 'The Origins and Development of Classical Hinduism' jointly with Kenneth G.

A book about Basham, written by Sachindra Kumar Maity (published 1997, Abhinav Publications, ISBN 81-7017-326-4) is entitled Professor A.L. Basham, My Guruji and Problems and Perspectives of Ancient Indian History and Culture. The book includes 80 of Basham's letters addressed to the author. Trautmann a professor for history and anthropology at the University of Michigan, dedicated his book 'Aryans and British India' (1997, University of California Press) 'In memory of A. Basham, British Sanskritist historian of India, guru, friend'.

Find more information about:OCLC Number:608243416Reproduction Notes:Electronic reproduction. S.l.: HathiTrust Digital Library, 2010. MiAaHDLDescription:1 online resource: illustrations.Details:Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.Contents:v. 1 A survey of the culture of the Indian sub-continent before the coming of the Muslims -v.

A survey of the history and culture of the Indian sub-continent from the coming of the Muslims to the British conquest 1200-1700 / S.A.A. Rizvi.Series Title.